Every Mid-Engine Corvette Prototype

What Makes It Special

Under Zora Arkus-Duntov's guidance, Chevrolet developed the advanced mid-engine, all-wheel drive Chevrolet Engineering Research Vehicle II (CERV II) in 1964 for racing, particularly long-distance endurance races like Le Mans.

Originally intended as a platform to test high-performance racing technologies, the CERV II was groundbreaking in its design.

With the CERV II, GM aimed to push the boundaries of what a Corvette could be in terms of performance and engineering while placing the car neck-to-neck with legends such as the Ford GT40 and Ferrari, both known for their mid-engine designs.

While GM ultimately decided not to take it to production or the racetrack, the CERV II was an extraordinary feat of engineering that influenced future Corvette design.

What Makes It Special

As Chevrolet continued exploring new possibilities for Corvette performance after the CERV II, the next step in the Corvette's mid-engine evolution was the XP-880, or Astro II, from 1968.

This forward-thinking mid-engine concept car was part of Chevrolet's response to the rising trend of mid-engine sports cars, showcasing how the Corvette could evolve beyond its classic front-engine configuration.

Powered by a robust 7.0L (427 cubic inch) L36 V8 producing around 400 horsepower, the XP-880 was designed for serious performance and equipped with a two-speed automatic transmission.

Its lightweight steel frame and fiberglass body aimed to reduce weight and enhance aerodynamics, allowing an estimated top speed of 150 mph.

What Makes It Special

Chevrolet developed the XP-882, a groundbreaking mid-engine Corvette prototype, in 1970. Zora Arkus-Duntov was also behind the creation of this prototype, which featured a radical mid-engine layout to rival European supercars and enhance handling and balance. Its chassis featured a unique steel and fiberglass combination for durability and weight savings.

Initially, a two-rotor Wankel engine producing around 400 horsepower, powered the XP-882, paired with a three-speed automatic transmission that sent power to the rear wheels. A 400-cubic-inch 6.6-liter V8 engine later replaced the rotary engine.

The XP-882's futuristic styling and aggressive aerodynamics suggested a potential evolution for the Corvette, but cost concerns ultimately led to its shelving. However, it influenced future mid-engine Corvette concepts, paving the way for the C8.

What Makes It Special

By 1973, Chevrolet had created another experimental mid-engine Corvette prototype, called the XP-895 Reynolds Corvette. This time the focus was on advanced materials and weight reduction for improved handling and fuel efficiency.

This concept was a collaborative project with Reynolds Metals Company, aiming to build a lighter and more efficient Corvette using aluminum rather than traditional steel.

A 400-cubic-inch small block V8 powered the XP-895 and a bevel gearbox was employed to transmit power through a Turbo Hydramatic transmission.

The XP-895 weighs approximately 400 to 500 pounds less than traditional Corvettes, proving that it can achieve both superior performance and substantial weight savings.

Although it never reached production, the Reynolds XP-895 influenced future advancements in Corvette engineering and weight reduction strategies.

What Makes It Special

Chevrolet unveiled the Four-Rotor Corvette Prototype in 1973, another innovative concept that experimented with rotary engine technology and futuristic design.

Built with dual two-rotary Wankel engines producing between 350 and 370 horsepower combined. Eventually, the car received a 400-cubic-inch small block and the all-aluminum XP-895 drivetrain retrofit.

Known for its distinctive, elongated body shape and prominent mid-engine layout, the Four-Rotor Corvette introduced styling cues such as pop-up headlights, a pointed nose, and a dramatic wedge profile, all of which hinted at the Corvette's future design language.

Despite the eventual shelving of rotary engine development due to fuel economy and reliability concerns, the Four-Rotor prototype left a lasting impact on Corvette's design direction, symbolizing Chevrolet's bold experimentation in the 1970s.

What Makes It Special

The 1977 Chevrolet Aerovette was the next evolution in Chevrolet's exploration of mid-engine Corvette concepts, building upon ideas introduced by its predecessors.

Chevrolet initially developed this concept as the XP-882 in 1970 but later revived and refined it as the Aerovette, incorporating lessons from its rotary engine experiments.

The Aerovette was initially equipped with a 420 horsepower four-rotor Wankel engine that was later replaced with a conventional 400 cubic inch (6.6L) V8 engine as fuel prices began to soar.

Its futuristic design featured sleek, gull-wing doors, an aerodynamic wedge shape, and sharp, angular lines, making it one of the most visually striking Corvette prototypes.

Although the Aerovette was approved for 1980 production as the upcoming C4 Corvette, Zora Arkus-Duntov’s successor, Dave McLellan, chose to maintain the Corvette’s traditional front-engine layout based on production costs and tradition.

What Makes It Special

By the 1980s, Chevrolet continued pursuing the mid-engine layout for the Corvette. In 1985, Chevrolet pushed the boundaries of engineering to create the Corvette Indy Prototype, which immediately became a radical concept. Inspired by the IndyCar series, it featured a mid-engine layout and a futuristic design.

The engine, a 2.7L V8 with twin intercooled turbos, generated over 600 horsepower. Chevrolet engineers adapted a version of this engine for use in the Corvette Indy Concept. Power was delivered to all four wheels via a three-speed and two-speed automatic transmission working together seamlessly.

The twin-turbo engine was replaced with a Lotus-sourced 32-valve DOHC 5.7-liter V8 developed and tuned by Lotus that produced 380 horsepower and 370 lb-ft of torque reaching speeds over 180 miles per hour with a 0–60 time of under five seconds.

Its lightweight, aerodynamic design included a sleek wedge shape, removable roof panels, and distinctive futuristic styling elements.

What Makes It Special

Following the bold innovations of the Corvette Indy and previous mid-engine prototypes, the CERV III (Chevrolet Engineering Research Vehicle III) Corvette, introduced in 1990, was the next step in Chevrolet’s vision for high-performance sports cars.

Building on the lessons learned from earlier concepts, it featured a 5.7-liter, 32-valve, dual-overhead-cam LT5 engine (same as the ZR1) that featured twin turbochargers, paired with an advanced all-wheel-drive system.

Rated at 650 horsepower and 655 pound-feet of torque, the car achieved a documented top speed of 225 mph (362 km/h). The CERV III also featured a lightweight composite body and an advanced electronic suspension system.

Its design was sleek and aerodynamic, with a low-slung, wide stance and futuristic styling cues that, paired with its powertrain, allowed the CERV III to achieve impressive handling and acceleration.